Hidden in Space
What do you think space is? Many people think space is just our solar system or just a bunch of planets. Many people think that space is just a bunch of stars floating in the sky. But really, space is much, much more than just that. Space hides and conceals things that we will either never know about or find in the future. Space hides many things, including one of the most unique and magnificent things you can imagine. Read this and you will find out!
What are Black Holes?
Black Holes are a region of space that has Gravity so intense that no matter or radiation can escape. Its gravity is so strong because all of its matter is squeezed into a tiny space. Imagine the earth crushed into a 2-inch ball but with the same mass. The gravity would increase so much leading to a Black Hole. And, here NASA explains how Black Holes work “Don’t let the name fool you: a black hole is anything but empty space. Rather, it is a great amount of matter packed into a very small area – think of a star ten times more massive than the Sun squeezed into a sphere approximately the diameter of New York City. The result is a gravitational field so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. In recent years, NASA instruments have painted a new picture of these strange objects that are, too many, the most fascinating objects in space” (science.nasa.gov).
Black Holes also consume matter making them bigger and bigger. Black Holes also do not suck things in like a vacuum cleaner. There are 3 sizes of Black Holes Miniature, Stellar and Supermassive. Each Galaxy actually has a supermassive Black Hole in the center. Black Holes have a singularity in the center and have an event horizon. Nobody actually knows what a singularity actually looks like because it is in the exact center of the Black Hole. “It is exactly like a divided by 0 problem” Says Kurzgesagt an educational You Tuber. (youtube.com). You may think that Black Holes will never die but eventually they will, through a process called hawking radiation, over almost googol years.
How Black Holes are formed
Black holes are formed when a star collapses on itself. The star has to be big enough because giant stars can fuse elements that smaller stars cannot. It fuses elements until it gets to iron because the process that fuses iron does not create energy, making iron build up in the core until the balance between gravity and radiation is unstable. Creating a Neutron Star, or if it is big enough a Black Hole. In the process of the Star turning into a Black Hole it does these two things. First it implodes in a fraction of a second at a quarter of the speed of light feeding more mass into the core. Then it explodes into a supernova creating all the heavy elements in the universe. And creating the final product, a Black Hole.
Some Black Holes
32 miles from earth is the Messier Galaxy-it might contain a Black Hole.This object emits periodic bursts of x-rays at a rate that suggests that it is bigger than a stellar Black Hole but significantly smaller than the supermassive Black Holes found in the center of galaxies. The Biggest Black Hole has a mass equivalent to 17 billion suns and is in the galaxy NGC 1277 in the constellation Perseus. The smallest Black Hole is 3.8 times the mass of our sun and is located in a binary system called XTE J1650-500. Every Galaxy has a Supermassive Black Hole located in the center. Our Galaxy has 100 billion Stars and 100 million Black Holes.
White Holes
White Holes are the opposites of Black Holes. Instead of consuming matter they spit it out. The Math suggests that Black Holes singularity could compress down to the smallest size predicted by physics. Then it would rebound as a white hole.The Big Bang actually might have been a White Hole because it spewed out matter at a very fast rate. Right here a Graduate from Harvard, Alasdair Wilkins says “They were thought to be completely hypothetical, more a mathematical oddity than a real thing…but we may have seen one.” Scientists have maybe seen a White Hole in action spewing out matter. Sence White Holes are so rare Scientists have not actually seen one until this moment when a White Holes was actually emitting matter.
The World Above Us
Black Holes are very complex. They involve a lot of different things and requirements to form. They feed on matter and are created by stars. Space is very big and has many wonders and secrets to explore and Black Holes are one of them.I hope that after you have read this you will try to find more info, and become as interested in space as I am. If you want to learn more read my Bibliography and use the websites that helped me a lot in making this research paper that I really enjoyed. Thank you for reading!
Bibliography
“Black Holes, Black Holes Information, Facts, News, Photos — National Geographic.” National Geographic. Web. 07 Mar. 2016. <http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/universe/black-holes-article/>.
“Black Holes – NASA Science.” Black Holes – NASA Science. Nasa. Web. 07 Mar. 2016. <http://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/black-holes/>.
Cain, Fraser. “What Are White Holes? – Universe Today.” Universe Today. 08 Oct. 2015. Web. 05 Apr. 2016. <http://www.universetoday.com/122715/what-are-white-holes/>.
Dunbar, Brian. “What Is a Black Hole?” NASA. NASA, 30 Sept. 2008. Web. 07 Mar. 2016. <http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-a-black-hole-k4.html>..
Howell, Elizabeth. “Monster Black Hole Is Biggest Ever Found.” Space.com. 28 Nov. 2012. Web. 01 Apr. 2016. <http://www.space.com/18668-biggest-black-hole-discovery.html>.
Kurzgesagt. “Black Holes Explained – From Birth to Death.” YouTube. YouTube, 15 Dec. 2015. Web. 17 Mar. 2016. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-P5IFTqB98>.
Redd, Nola Taylor. “Black Holes: Facts.” Space.com. 9 Apr. 2015. Web. 08 Mar. 2016. <http://www.space.com/15421-black-holes-facts-formation-discovery-sdcmp.html>.
Wilkins, Alasdair. “Is It Possible We’ve Found the First White Hole?” Io9. 25 May 2011. Web. 17 Mar. 2016. <http://io9.gizmodo.com/5805202/mysterious-cosmic-explosion-might-be-first-ever-proof-of-white-holes>